CHARLES MURRAY is a policy analyst educated at Harvard and MIT. He first came to national attention in 1984 with the publication of Losing Ground, which changed the national conversation about the reforms of the Sixties and their aftermath. His best-selling 1994 book, The Bell Curve, coauthored with Richard Herrnstein, argued that the increasing role of intelligence over the twentieth century was transforming America's social structure. In 2012, Coming Apart documented the growing divide between a new lower class and a new upper class that foreshadowed the political polarization of the 2016 election. His other books include In Pursuit (1988), Human Accomplishment (2003), Human Diversity (2020), and Facing Reality (2021). He is currently the Hayek Emeritus Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute.