E. E. Doc Smith (Edward Elmer Smith, 1890-1965) was one of the foundational architects of modern science fiction and the creator of the space-opera tradition as it is still understood today. Trained as a chemical engineer, Smith brought a unique combination of scientific imagination and narrative escalation to his fiction, forever changing the scale at which science fiction stories could operate.He is best known for the Lensman series, a sweeping saga of galactic conflict that introduced concepts now taken for granted in the genre: universe-spanning wars, hierarchies of advanced intelligences, escalating cosmic stakes, and heroes entrusted with authority beyond conventional law. Long before such ideas became common, Smith envisioned civilizations locked in conflicts measured not in nations or planets, but in entire galaxies.Though his work first appeared in the pulp magazines of the 1930s and 1940s, Smith's influence extends far beyond that era. The Lensman series directly shaped later generations of science fiction writers and helped define the narrative DNA of space opera, from epic military SF to modern cinematic franchises. His stories are remembered not merely as early examples of the genre, but as the moment when science fiction discovered how big it could be.