Plaque is the soft, tenacious material found on tooth surfaces which is not readily removed by rinsing with water. Complete removal of bacterial plaque is the most effective method of preventing gingivitis and periodontitis. The conventional methods of controlling periodontal disease involve mechanical and chemical removal of plaque and calculus. Biological plaque control is an interesting new field of periodontology research aimed at the elimination of pathogenic bacteria in dental plaque. Recent advances has been done in both mechanical and chemical plaque control like ultrasonic toothbrush, ionic toothbrushes, ultraviolet¿sterilized toothbrush system and by using nanotechnology