Shaun L. Gabbidon is a distinguished professor in criminal justice at Penn State Harrisburg. He is a graduate in PhD in criminology at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. He has served as a fellow at Harvard University's W.E.B. Du Bois Institute for Afro-American Research and has taught at the Center for African American Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Gabbidon was recently named a fellow of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. He has authored more than 100 scholarly publications including 13 books and 70 peer-reviewed articles, his most recent books include the fifth edition of the co-authored text Race and Crime (2019; SAGE) and the co-edited book Building a Black Criminology: Race, Theory, and Crime (2019; Routledge). He currently serves as the editor of the Journal of Criminal Justice Education. Prior to entering academe, Dr. Gabbidon worked as a security executive for a major retailer. In recent years, he has served as an expert witness in consumer racial profiling cases and as an anti-racial profiling consultant. Dr. Gabbidon can be reached at slg13@psu.edu.

George E. Higgins is professor in the department of criminal justice at the University of Louisville. He received his PhD in criminology from Indiana University of Pennsylvania in 2001. Dr. Higgins is the recipient of numerous international, national, and regional awards for his scholarship and research, teaching, leadership, and service. He is the author of more than 200 scholarly publications including 200 peer-reviewed articles, and 9 books. His most recent publications appear or are forthcoming in Journal of Criminal Justice, Criminal Justice and Behavior, Justice Quarterly, Deviant Behavior, and Youth and Society.